Coretta Scott King Essay - 1748 Words

Throughout history many movements have tended to have a founding father and mother. Coretta Scott King portrayed this mother in the American Civil Rights Movement. She embodied all that a woman could want to be as she stood up for her rights and the rights of others. This is what has made her a household name throughout the world and an iconic figure for change. Along with her husband, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., Coretta spent a majority of her life fighting for the equal treatment of her people in America. Over time this spread to the many different realms of society, touching on racial and economic equality, religious freedom, the necessities of the poor and homeless, employment and healthcare, equal educational opportunities, women’s†¦show more content†¦on June 18th, 1953. She finished her schooling in Boston and then shortly afterwards returned to Alabama, this time Montgomery where Martin lived. Together they had four children named Yolanda Denise King, Martin L uther King III, Dexter Scott King, and Bernice Albertine King. It was during this time, the 1950’s and 1960’s, that her husband rose in popularity to lead the Civil Rights Movement in America. In 1955 one of the first significant events took place in the changing of rights that black people had. This event was the Montgomery Bus Boycott in which many black people opposed the city’s policy of racial segregation on its public bus system. The struggle lasted from December 1st, 1955 to December 20th, 1956. The deciding factor was that most black people in Montgomery agreed to follow this act and did not ride the buses. This proved highly in favor of them as they were the majority of bus riders, soon after, the bus companies saw a drastic drop in the revenue, which led to the United States Supreme Court to declare that these laws were unconstitutional. Throughout that year, Coretta and her husband Martin participated in this event and walked to many of the places in which they needed to go. This garnered huge worldwide attention towards the injustices that existed in America and gained their cause much support in many others countries. These actions did not come without resistance though as the many white supremacist groups in America stood up against theShow MoreRelatedCoretta Scott King637 Words   |  3 PagesCoretta Scott King   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Coretta Scott King was born on April 27, 1927 in Heiberger, Alabama. Heiberger was a small segregated town. Coretta’s parents were Obadiah and Bernice Scott. She has an older sister named Edythe and a younger brother, Obie. Coretta was named after her grandmother Cora Scott. Her family was hard working and devoted Christians. Coretta had a strong temper, feared no one and stood up for herself.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Coretta, Edythe and Obie had to walk three miles to an all-black schoolRead MoreThe Contribution Of Coretta Scott King1303 Words   |  6 Pageson who you consider an inspiration or hero. Is it someone who is nationally known or is it someone in your personal life? An individual who is truly known for her determination and strength is Coretta Scott King. Coretta was born April 27th, 1927 in Marion, Alabama by her two parents Obadiah and Bernice Scott. She grew up on her parents farm where she hoed and picked cotton for her family to obtain money. As a young child she had a growing interest in singing and music specifically with the violinRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Coretta The Story Of Coretta Scott King 1459 Words   |  6 PagesSummary of the Text: The biography of â€Å"Coretta: The Story of Coretta Scott King,† was the first biography made depicting Coretta’s life, goals, and success. The book was written by a close friend of hers whose nam e is Octavia Vivian. The story tells how Coretta, as a young woman, had grown up in Alabama. She later went to Antioch College, and later found out that she, as a colored young woman, would not be allowed to teach, mix, or mingle with the whites in the state of Ohio. She later explored aRead MoreCoretta Scott, Not Just the Wife of Martin Luther King Jr. Essay1441 Words   |  6 PagesPeople probably only know Coretta by being the wife of Martin Luther King Jr. But what about the important things she did for this country? Coretta put her life in danger for believing what she supported and was right. Mrs. King also had programs to stay together with the community. She supported other people’s beliefs and doing that gave some people motivation that anything is possible. People also have to give her credit for even being Martin Luther King Jr.’s wife. His family had to go throughRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement : Coretta Scott King, Jr., Malcom X, And Rosa Parks2182 Wor ds   |  9 Pagesthey think of big names like Martin Luther King, Jr., Malcom X, and Rosa Parks. However, there were many people behind the scenes that had as big of an impact as these forerunners had. These are the transparent heroes; the underdogs. The ones that did so much for the cause yet were never truly recognized as being such a big influence. One of these unsung heroes of the Civil Rights movement is Coretta Scott King. After her husband, the great Martin Luther King, Jr., died she strived to continue the momentumRead MoreThe Impact Of Gandhi On American Society Through Martin Luther King Jr.990 Words   |  4 PagesMahatma Gandhi. When Dr. King entered Morehouse at the age of 15, Dr. Mays became one of the great influences in his life. And there, the torch was passed on. In February of 1959, Dr. and Coretta Scott King spent a month in India studying Gandhis March techniques of nonviolence as guests of Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru. The impact of Gandhis teaching and example on Dr. Kings life was considerable, and he carried Gandhis message with him back to America. Dr. King once told a story of hisRead MoreFeminism And The Peace Movement1465 Words   |  6 Pagestough and like they do not care. For example, many of the men would say that the women still are scared, hate, and want nothing to do with battle or the nuclear arms race of 1984 simply because they are women and have no just reasoning.. But, Coretta Scott King says otherwise and although she is against the arms race, she gives reasoning which disproves the men’s claim by stating, â€Å"The supporters of the nuclear arms race claim that peace can only be achieved through strength. Apparently, they meanRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement : Coretta Scott Kings Work Ethic And A Passion For Racial Equality2424 Words   |  10 Pagestoo great a burden to bear, it injures the hater more than it injures the hated.† Coretta Scott King was born in one of the most pivotal times in our nations history. Growing up in the rural, segregated state of Alabama in the middle of the Great Depression ensured in Scott a deep work ethic and a passion for racial equality. Going through college during the heart of the Civil Rights Movement allowed Coretta to find her place not only in activism, but the stance she took as a feminist marriedRead MoreCoretta Scott Kings Abandoned Musical Dreams Essays609 Words   |  3 Pagessurprised if I said Coretta grew up wanting to make music, and how she didn’t stick with the major she had planned for. Growing up, Coretta took parts in music recitals at her high school. After she graduated she studied music at Antoich College in Yellow Springs, Ohio. She received a B.A. in music and education. After Coretta earned a scholarship to the New England Conservatory of Music in Boston, She had set her mind to becoming a professional singer. While she was in Boston Coretta met Martin LutherRead MoreJoyce Carol Thomas, an Influential Writer Essay694 Words   |  3 Pageshim to break away from his situation with his drunken father. Bright Shadow won the Coretta Schott King Award. Abby’s story is continued in An Act of God (1985) and Water Girl (1986). Carl Lee’s story is told in The Golden Pasture (1986) (â€Å"Bright Shadow†). In 1994, Thomas returned to Berkley, California and continued to write (OK State). Her other books include: Brown Honey in Broomwheat Tea [another Coretta Scott King Award winner], Linda Brown [a best seller], You are Not Alone: The Brown v. Board

National Security Congress And Defense Policy Essay

Congress and Defense Policy / LGAF 6270.LH Session 2 Issue paper / Chapter 3 6 of 911 Commission Report The terrorist attack of September 2001 was a tragedy that could have been prevented by the United States Intelligence professionals. The Islamic radicals such as Al Qaeda and its leader Osama Bin Laden had long declared their objectives to undermine the United States national security since the first World Trade Center Bombing on Feb 26, 1993. The 911 Commission report outlined the deficiencies of several government agencies, principally the Central Intelligence Agency, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Department of Defense, and the National Security Council. The Commission criticized the intelligence community’s effort in anticipating and proactively engaging in counterterrorism to protect and defend the nation from terrorist threats. †¢ The FBI, after the first attack on the World Trade Center performed an excellent work of investigation. However, it was more worried about effective prosecutions and the custom of the legal system. The process was not designed for counterterrorism and counterintelligence works as these tasks were not career-enhancing for field agents. †¢ The CIA and the National Security Council (NSC) have a long track record of using technology to intercept and communicate possible terrorist threats to officials. However, after the Cold War, cuts were made in national security funding and consequently diminished the CIA ability to track andShow MoreRelatedThe Three Branches of the United States Government913 Words   |  4 Pagesexecutive, legislative, and judicial branches. The capabilities of each branch is divided to ensure a separation of powers. The executive branch, headed by the President, and Congress of the legislative branch both share responsibilities to govern the nation, both domestically and abroad. In terms of foreign policy, Congress and the President have different powers that ensure that each branch works in conjunction in handling foreign affairs. The President, as Commander-in-Chief, commands the armedRead MoreNational Security Policy: Before and After September 11, 20011576 Words   |  7 Pagespresident and Congress for the purposes of evenly distributing power and preventing any single entity from wielding their power arbitrarily (Jordan et al, 2009, p. 103). Though these roles are complementary, they have also at times been conflicting. This push and pull has also been sewn into the historical narrative of national security policy-making. As the national security needs of the nation have evolved, so too have the ways, means, and agents of the national security policy-making processRead MoreObama Administrations Policy Views on Cybersecurity1338 Words   |  6 PagesTitle Page Contents Introduction Obama Administration’s Policy Views on Cybersecurity 1.1. Enhancing Resilience 1.2. Reducing Threats Obama and Bush Administrations 1.3. Bush Administration 1.4. Policy Similarities 1.5. Policy Differences Recommendations for Improvements 1.6 Cyber Czar Position 1.7 International Organization and joint punishment Works Cited Introduction The following document will provide information pertaining to presidential administrationsRead MoreThe President s National Security Policy Essay1499 Words   |  6 Pagessits at the epicenter of the US foreign policy establishments. His ability to pursue national security policy priorities depends on the quality and efficacy of decisions emanating from the existing decision-making models. The models reflect on multiplicity of values, goals, and interests through an interagency process of consensus building of several bureaucratic organizations. Rational decision model critical to identify and prioritize national security policy objectives; develop and evaluate alternativesRead MoreDefense Against Terrorism1661 Words   |  7 PagesIn the years following the September 11th terrorist attacks, homeland security has been at the forefront of American public policy. According to a January 2015 Pew Research poll, seventy-five percent of Americans believe that protecting the Homeland agai nst terrorism should be the number one priority for policy makers (Pew Research Center 2015). These sentiments on homeland security are not novel to Americans. National Security has been of great concern to Americans since World War I (Reid 2015).Read MoreThe Roles of The National Security Enterprise 1301 Words   |  5 PagesThe National Security Enterprise (NSE) is the overarching government apparatus responsible for national security decision making. This is generally thought of as the National Security Council (NSC) and the Department and Agencies they represent. However, Roger Z George and Harvey Rishikof point out in The National Security Enterprise: Navigating the Labyrinth that national security decision-making may rest with the President and the NSC but is significantly influenced by the Modern Media (includingRead MoreWorld War II ended in 1945, but America could not rest. â€Å"Serious discussion about reorganization700 Words   |  3 Pagesbegan in Congress and the military department in 1944 and aroused much public interest† (Trask 1997). Because the Air Force played such a large role, discussion of separating the Air Force from the Army Air Forces (AAF) began. A proposal was created to establish one department for the United States Armed Forces, combining all the military branches under one department. â€Å"On 19 December 1945, President Truman sent a message to Congress recommending a single department of national defense with threeRead MoreThe United States Code ( U.s. )1677 Words   |  7 Pagesgoverns the form, function, duties, and responsibilities of the US Government†. The foundational to US National Security and foreign relations are based on the three titles in the U.S.C, namely, Title 10, Title 22, and Title 50; which â€Å"govern US Armed Forces, the Department of State, public diplomacy efforts, and national defense† (American Security Project, 2012). However, the National Security Act of 1947 was the first U.S. law on the conduct of intelligence operations. The act established the CentralRead MoreChina Saper Threat777 Words   |  4 PagesWeak USA Cyber Policy vs China’s Security Threat to the USA? Abstract A cyber spy network based mainly in China hacked into classified documents from government and private organizations. One of the biggest questions still remains unanswered. Should the U.S. Congress conduct an in depth assessment of Chinese cyber spying and consider imposing tougher penalties on companies that benefit from industrial espionage. In this paper I will review china’s cyber threat and possible USA solutionsRead MoreRationale and Analysis1293 Words   |  5 Pagesreviews the department of defense Inspector general. The initial mission for the department when it was formed in 1982 was to serve as an independent supervisor to the department of defense. The powers and responsibilities of the department are drawn from the inspector general Act of 1978. The key tasks of the department were to monitor, evaluate, and investigate all the operations of the department of defense. The department was also expected to provide leadership in policy development for the department

Out of the Ashes Schizophrenia Free Essays

Nowadays, society sees schizophrenia seems like an outdated topic. A topic not many seem to care about. A topic that is not even taboo, because many do not even know about it. We will write a custom essay sample on Out of the Ashes: Schizophrenia or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, this topic is affecting so many on a day to day basis. Worldwide, about one percent of people are diagnosed with this mental illness. That is 1.5 million people. Even worse, sixty percent of everyone that suffers from schizophrenia makes at least one attempt to commit suicide (WebMD).That is 900,000 people. That is three cruise ships filled with people (Mental Health Schizophrenia). That is one full football stadium. Some may ask themselves, what is schizophrenia? Well according to the National Institute of Mental Illnesses â€Å"schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental disorder that affects how a person thinks, feels, and behaves.† (NIMH). Schizophrenia is caused by genetics, biology and sometimes even viral infections. Schizophrenia has been misunderstood throughout the years; It is characterized by a shift in perception, disturbed sense of self and psychotic manifestations.A shift in perception can not only affect the patient’s emotions, but it can also greatly impact their physical life. Schizophrenics suffer from various shifts in perceptions that makes them change the way they act, not only physically but also mentally. When you suffer from schizophrenia you develop many symptoms. Meanwhile, many were not discovered until the mid-1990s. However, Schizophrenia was discovered back in 1887 by Doctor Emile Kraepelin. Before Kraepelin however, many believed people with psychotic disorders were possessed. This caused the treatment to be electric shock therapy, exorcisms, lobotomy and even drilling a hole in the patient’s eye socket which left patients with worse mental health than what they started with. This type of treatment started to be popularized with schizophrenia patients in the middle ages until the late 1880s. Schizophrenia and its treatments are one of the main reasons why society now know mental asylums as dark and scary places. When The Priory of Saint Mary of Bethlehem was founded to try to treat ‘mad men’. They believed this illness came from supernatural forces such as demons. By the patients seeing hallucinations and delusions was basically proof of a demonic possession. They were treated so badly, most of the ‘mad men’ that attended the mental asylum ended up dying, either by experiments, failed treatments or suicide. Today Kraepelin was the first to differentiate between what he called dementia praecox and manic depression. According to Psychology Today â€Å"The oldest available description of an illness closely resembling schizophrenia can be found in the Ebers papyrus, which dates back to the Egypt of 1550 BC. And archaeological discoveries of Stone Age skulls with burr holes drilled into them (presumably to release ‘evil spirits’) have led to speculation that schizophrenia is as old as mankind itself† (Burton, M.D.). The first doctor to coin the term Schizophrenia and notice the patients shift in perception was Swiss psychiatrist, Eugen Bleuler back in 1911. Schizophrenia comes from Greek roots schizo (split) and phrene (mind) as a reference to showing how the patient’s brain works. Schizophrenia brings you to a point where the patient has a disturbed sense of self. This has happened to not only to unknown patients but many well-known people and celebrities have suffered through forgetting who they are and why they are here. This list includes many people, for example, the ex-singer and founder of Pink Floyd. Syd Barrett’s real name was Roger Barrett, and he used his real name for much of his life, which started in 1946 and ended in 2006 by pancreatic cancer. He was an English songwriter, singer and guitarist best known as a founding member and songwriter of the rock band Pink Floyd. Barrett’s partnership with the band finished after failure to perform during concerts various times. These were speculated to be caused by delusions and hallucinations, two very common schizophrenia symptoms. He had been the main songwriter which greatly affected how the band worked after his resignation. Barrett withdrew from the public after that, but released two solo albums in 1970 called â€Å"The Madcap Laughs† and â€Å"Barrett† Pink Floyd went on to become massively popular and successful, their style evolving towards progressive rock since their songwriter left. Syd/Roger Barrett lived a simple and solitary life, receiving royalty payments from his ex-band. His access to spending money had been controlled by his family (Willis 143). There has been much speculation about why Barrett ceased to be a member of Pink Floyd, withdrew from the public eye, shunned his own fans, left behind the nickname that he had never himself used or liked. Syd/Roger was diagnosed with the mental illness after an apparent heavy usage of LSD. According to his family and close friends, he did LSD nearly every day for years. After his resignation of Pink Floyd, he did not just start having atrocious hallucinations daily but also he fell into clinical depression. This leads to another story of a maybe one of the most famous artists of all time. Vincent Van Gogh. He had an eccentric personality and unstable moods suffered from recurrent psychotic episodes during the last two years of his extraordinary life and committed suicide at the age of thirty-seven by a gunshot. (Blumer) According to PsychiatryOnline.org â€Å"One of Van Gogh’s psychiatrists recognized the crucial role of alcohol in the manifestation of Van Gogh’s major psychiatric symptoms. By his own confession, Van Gogh required â€Å"a glass too much† to numb his inner storms when they became too intense. The artist was not known to become intoxicated and may not have been drinking more than many of his contemporaries, but he was particularly vulnerable to the epileptogenic properties of absinthe, the favourite drink of the French artists of his time† (Blumer). The well-known part of Schizophrenia is the symptom of psychotic manifestations. According to Healthline.com â€Å"Psychosis is characterized by an impaired relationship with reality. And it is a symptom of serious mental disorders. People who are psychotic may have either hallucinations or delusions† (Carey, P.H.D.). Hallucinations are sensory manifestations, they occur mostly visually or auditory. For example, someone might hear someone yelling when nobody is there. Or maybe they see someone or something that isn’t actually there. These for the patient seem real. They also experience delusions, which is for the person to have a contrary thought to actual evidence. For example, the patient thinking a stranger they just met wants to kill them. These symptoms are powerful and dangerous. Strangely, these symptoms are the most attacked by society. Many believe these delusions and hallucinations are made up and make up false beliefs about this. Some false ideas are: Schizophrenics have multiple personalities, them being possessed, the patients are faking it and even that it’s not an illness. The first one is made up because as clearly stated before, the symptoms of schizophrenia have nothing to do with that. The illness in which the patient have multiple personalities is a psychiatric phenomenon called DID, which stands for dissociative identity disorder, which involves the patient has multiple personalities which each have their own voice, manners and characteristics. This illness can be seen perfectly in the movie Split (2016) by M. Night Shyamalan. This is not schizophrenia. Schizophrenics might hear voices but they only have one personality. The second hoax is the possession myth. This myth is mostly believed by Catholics. This myth comes back from middle ages as mentioned before.In conclusion, many schizophrenics are seen ever since the beginning of mental illnesses, many are affected by it and almost all society says about it is fake. All in all, if you or someone you know is suffering from schizophrenia, please get help immediately and know that no matter your illness â€Å"I can do all things through Christ who strengthens me.† (Philippians 4:13). Help is always there and never forget Jesus loves you. Schizophrenia has been underestimated to a point where society only knows it’s characterized by a change in view, confused sense of self and psychotic ideals. Works Cited â€Å"A Brief History of Schizophrenia.† Psychology Today, Sussex Publishers, www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/hide-and-seek/201209/brief-history-schizophrenia. â€Å"Biological Basis of Schizophrenia.† Khan Academy, www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/behavior/psychological-disorders/v/biological-basis-of-schizophrenia. â€Å"Divine Madness – a History of Schizophrenia.† History Cooperative, 19 Sept. 2016, historycooperative.org/divine-madness-a-history-of-schizophrenia/. â€Å"Famous People with Schizophrenia: 6 Schizophrenic Celebrities.† WebMD, WebMD, www.webmd.com/schizophrenia/ss/slideshow-schizophrenia-famous-names. Marlene, Lili. â€Å"Incorrect Pleasures.† The Interesting Case of Syd Barrett, 1 Jan. 1970, incorrectpleasures.blogspot.com.co/2009/11/interesting-case-of-syd-barrett-for.html. â€Å"Psychosis: Symptoms, Causes, and Risk Factors.† Healthline, Healthline Media, www.healthline.com/health/psychosis. Schiller, Lori, and Amanda Bennett. The Quiet Room: a Journey out of the Torment of Madness. Grand Central Publishing, 2011.†Schizophrenia.† Khan Academy, www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/behavior/psychological-disorders/v/schizophrenia. â€Å"Schizophrenia.† Mental Health America, 29 Mar. 2017, http://www.mentalhealthamerica.net/conditions/schizophrenia#symptoms. â€Å"Schizophrenia.† Mental Health America, 29 Mar. 2017, www.mentalhealthamerica.net/conditions/schizophrenia. â€Å"Schizophrenia.† National Institute of Mental Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/schizophrenia/. â€Å"Schizophrenia.† Psychology Today, Sussex Publishers, www.psychologytoday.com/us/conditions/schizophrenia. â€Å"Schizophrenia and Suicide.† WebMD, WebMD, www.webmd.com/schizophrenia/schizophrenia-and-suicide. â€Å"Schizophrenia Symptoms, Patterns And Statistics And Patterns.† Mental Help Schizophrenia Symptoms Patterns and Statistics and Patterns Comments, https://www.mentalhelp.net/articles/schizophrenia-symptoms-patterns-and-statistics-and-patterns/ â€Å"The Illness of Vincent Van Gogh.† American Journal of Psychiatry, ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/abs/10.1176/appi.ajp.159.4.519.The History of Schizophrenia, schizophrenia.com/history.htm#.Willis, Tim. Madcap: the Half-Life of Syd Barrett, Pink Floyd’s Lost Genius. Short Books, 2002. How to cite Out of the Ashes: Schizophrenia, Papers

Strategies of a Mining Industry-.com

Question: Discuss about the Strategies of a Mining Industry. Answer: Introduction: BHP is an entity made for trading for BHP Limited and BHP Billiton plc. An Anglo-Australian multinational company is involved in mining of metals and petroleum. The company has its headquarters in Melbourne. It was founded in 1885 and by the year 2015, it was the largest mining company of the world and the fourth largest multinational company of Australia. This report includes the various businesses of the company BHP Billiton and the various strategies to be taken for improvement. The structure of the organization, problems, software uses and the vulnerabilities in the system is also included in the report. This report includes the software accounting packages that maybe included in the system. Discussion: In the year 2001, the merger between two different companies, Australian Broken Hill Proprietary Company Limited (BHP) and the Billiton plc introduced BHP Billiton that is supposed to include all the shares of both the company (Friederich and van Leeuwen 2017). According to market capitalizations of Australia, it ranks among the top largest companies whose business lies in mining. Structure of organization: The company has recently announced the introduction of a new model of operation that is supposed to help the company to grow and to be ready to face the challenges from the market (Ranosz, 2017). The company wants to focus their infrastructure to get geographical operation and global services with high expertise and scaling. Fig: Organizational structure of BHP Billiton (Source: CRONJE and VAN WYK) Problems in operation: Many operational problems are present due to the organizational structure of the company. These risks are evident due to the vast evidence of the international scope created by the organization and all the other industries that are currently involved in doing business that can have an impact in the operation of the company. The fluctuating prices due to changes in the market and the financial crisis of the global market may create a negative impact in the desired results of the company (White 2017). The changes in the market are always a risk and this causes a problem in the operation if the required profit cannot be met due to price reduction. The financial aspects may create a negative impact on the exchange rate of the currency. The changes in the rates of currencies are also a risk to the company (Boulais 2017). For example, a company doing business in a certain country may have an effect on their supplies and operations if the rate of exchange of currencies of that market and the other associated countries involved in the business increase. The changes in the financial policies may affect the business as the company is associated with many clients all over the world and the changes in policies like liquidity or financial market change may lead to a disadvantage for the company (CRONJE and VAN WYK 2017). System acquisition method: The company has revealed information about investment in software models of operation in decision automation of the industry and security of information. It has also made another investment to make the company go digital (Pillay 2017). The technology will be concerned with the digital roles of the company. The company is also looking to create a new and innovated hardware that will focus on improvement of automated operations of the industry. The company BHP Billiton has an architecture that is designed for a hybrid method of operation, which will be automated, and provide use in management and scaling. The software used here is software defined networking (SDN) for processing the IT operations. Sales operation of the company: The company successfully acquires the sale of its products and made auctions for the sale of certain products. Fig: Sales flowchart (Source: Washbourne) The company aims to focus on low cost and large assets that can be expanded. The company is committed to provide focus and investment in the economies of the company, which includes ten operations and four commodities (Washbourne 2017). The operational cost across industries and the robust demand of the products has made the company to give continuous support to the core majorities in the company. Vulnerabilities in the system: Due to the competition of the market for manufactured goods and commodities, the increased resource acquisition from the natural sources for the development of the economy has made the industries a target for cyber threats, which may be disruptive or destructive (Lee et al. 2017). These threats are due to the presence of certain technologies to help thrive in the market. The supply chains of the company in a global level are the main sources of resources for these cyber attacks. These attacks are very targeted and resourceful and the hackers are targeting these industries due to their global impact on the market and their supply chains management. The main vulnerabilities of the mining industries are their major dependence on integrated services to achieve automation in their activities (Walker 2017). As the industry for mining is a target for the economies of a country, the main objectives of hacking into the system is achievement of information about the government, policies and trying to get the analyzed results of a competitor. Stealing insights from a company about the mining prices, which are subjected to volatility due to the market, is a common problem associated to the mining industry. The company is also subjected to natural problems that affect the system of operation. The change in industry is the most common problem that is associated with the industry. The change in the price of ores on a daily basis may affect the cost of operation and if the profit acquisition is not made, the company will not be able to thrive (Kapranov 2017). In addition, the separation of a sister company from the main company led to decrease in asset prices. South32 when separated from the company to get more provisions, it only got a reduced stock prices and this led to downfall. Moreover, the company is associated with tax troubles. Taxes are an important acquisition for a government and if the requirements are not met, extreme actions might be taken. The company is accused of maintaining their operations by doing their activities associated with Australia from Singapore for lowering the tax to be paid to the government. Accounting software packages: The accounting software is used to define a special type of software that is used to record and process transactions relating to the account of the company involved in modules like payable, receivable or balance (Hall 2012). It works as an information system to store the account related transactions. The software may be purchased or third party based which can be used from anywhere. The presence of internet access is a necessity to access the software. This software can be personal, accounting for personal information. These types of software are mainly used to aim their uses for the benefit of home users. The main advantages provided are the budget analysis and the transaction accounting. The low-end market type of accounting software allows general business organizations to use this. The low-end products that have small interfaces can be accounted by this package (Artho et al. 2012). The mid-market package is used to serve organizations that are basing their activities on the medium level of market acquisitions. The high-end market package is used to notify the businesses with high activities on a global scale. The most typical uses are the acquisition of global data and large-scale transactions of the company. The company BHP Billiton also uses accounting software for maintaining their transactional records and provides insights of the financial aspects. The software used by the company is XBRL. The full form of XBRL is extensible Business Reporting Language (Doni, Gasperini and Pavone 2016). The software is intended to be used by both the companies who are dealing and the companies who are purchasing. The basic use of this software is to get accounting insights and financial reports made by the company. The clients and the consumers are the most important aspect in a company and the need to maintain the sales transaction of a company is a necessity. The software is a simple way for financial business reporting. The main features of the software are the ease of transfer between users. The main usage of the software is Excel based and this makes the transfer of reports to users very easy. The software can be used in any computers who have the Microsoft Office version (O'Riain, Curry and Harth 2012). Moreover, the report provided by the software can be used to be converted to any types of documents supported by Java. The software also allows resolving any types of error that are made by the document. In addition, the software supports the easy allocation of information to different types of templates. The templates are readymade and allow easy incorporation of data. The use of XBRL has helped the company to participate in the process of creating IFRS financial reports that had US SEC compliance. Market size: BHP Billiton ranks among the top companies in Australia. Due to a commodity prices surge, the company made a profit in the first half-year of 2017. The company made a profit of 3.2billion$ and the company expects to see a profit of 4.2billion$ in the next half-year. The investors associated with the company is now getting a 0.52$ per share (Floris, Grant and Cutcher 2013). The main cause of such profit acquisition is the rise in prices of the iron and coal ore due to the increase in demand from China. Fig: Market share of BHP Billiton (Source: Floris, Grant and Cutcher) The company BHP Billiton is supposed to have achieved a market cap of 98.3 billion$ by may, 2017. The sales made by the company are 33.95 billion $. Leaders in the market: The BHP Billiton is the top mining company in Australia. But this does not mean that the company will not have fierce completion in the market. The top companies in the global market are surely trying their best to grab a hold of the top ranks (Miller, Van Megen and Buys 2012). The Rio Tinto is another mining company who gives a serious competition to the BHP Billiton. Glencore is another such company in the global market who also gives competition to the company. The presence of better infrastructure and operations are the necessary things that are required for the company to thrive in the global market. Other leaders of the market include the Xstrata PLC, Anglo American plc, MMC Norilsk Nickel and rest. Fig: Share price of BHP Billiton (Source: Miller, Van Megen and Buys) Gaps and challenges: The accounting software packages are used in nearly every business companies to get financial and accounting aspects of the company. The advantage it provides is used to get more efficiency in transactional accounting of the system. However, the main disadvantages are the increased cost (Noble and Smith 2014). The cost of the software is not the only requirement in terms of pricing that are needed to be met but includes the prices of all the other aspects like system requirements, internet access and many more. The possibility of a backup in the system require more technical support and the overall cost to install the system is more and this gives a significant disadvantage. The next disadvantages are the complex nature of the software. Most accountants are not conversant with the software and may need the presence of learning to understand the system. This causes an increase in expense for providing information for learning and gives a stress to the accountants for learning the soft ware. Another disadvantage is the time required for the process to work (Bagley, Dalton and Ortegren 2012). The time that required in storing the information in the software is more than the manual work that can be done. Maintenance is another aspect that provides stress to the company who is implementing it. The time requires for maintenance is much greater and can hinder a days performance. The time and money both spent for maintenance are much greater than the advantage received. These problems need to be referenced as the use of software accounting packages are a necessity for the company. The company needs to hire efficient personnel to handle the software and the company also needs the presence of training materials to be provided to the staffs handling them (Moorthy et al. 2012). The system needs to be made effective and modern to allow effective modernization so that this and any other software can be installed without the need of installation of computer parts every time. Conclusion: The company BHP Billiton thus ranks among the top companies in Australia. The organizational structure present in the company needs to have certain tweaks in the system that will help the company to thrive. The company also needs the presence of certain software for accounting purposes that effectively captures the content without posing any problem for the company. Thus, it is concluded from the report that the integration of certain software in to the system needs to be first analyzed and then implemented to mitigate the risks in the market References: Artho, C., Suzaki, K., Di Cosmo, R., Treinen, R. and Zacchiroli, S., 2012, June. Why do software packages conflict?. In Proceedings of the 9th IEEE Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories (pp. 141-150). IEEE Press. Bagley, P.L., Dalton, D. and Ortegren, M., 2012. The factors that affect accountants' decisions to seek careers with big 4 versus non-big 4 accounting firms. Accounting Horizons, 26(2), pp.239-264. Boulais, C.M., 2017. Mining Capitalism: The Relationship between Corporations and Their Critics by Stuart Kirsch. Anthropologica, 59(1), pp.172-173. CRONJE, F. and VAN WYK, D.A.V.I.D., 2017. CHAPTER TWO CORPORATIONS, COMMUNITIES AND IMPACT: THE CASE OF COAL FREEK CRONJE AND DAVID VAN WYK. Revisiting Environmental and Natural Resource Questions in Sub-Saharan Africa, p.25. Doni, F., Gasperini, A. and Pavone, P., 2016. Early adopters of integrated reporting: The case of the mining industry in South Africa. African Journal of Business Management, 10(9), p.187. Floris, M., Grant, D. and Cutcher, L., 2013. Mining the discourse: Strategizing during BHP Billiton's attempted acquisition of Rio Tinto. Journal of Management Studies, 50(7), pp.1185-1215. Friederich, M.C. and van Leeuwen, T., 2017. A review of the history of coal exploration, discovery and production in Indonesia: The interplay of legal framework, coal geology and exploration strategy.International Journal of Coal Geology. Hall, J.A., 2012. Accounting information systems. Cengage Learning. Kapranov, O., 2017. 6 Conceptual Metaphors Associated with Climate Change in Corporate Reports in the Fossil Fuels Market. The Role of Language in the Climate Change Debate, p.90. Lee, K.C., Hsieh, C.H., Wei, L.J., Mao, C.H., Dai, J.H. and Kuang, Y.T., 2017. Sec-Buzzer: cyber security emerging topic mining with open threat intelligence retrieval and timeline event annotation. Soft Computing, 21(11), pp.2883-2896. Miller, E., Van Megen, K. and Buys, L., 2012. Diversification for sustainable development in rural and regional Australia: How local community leaders conceptualise the impacts and opportunities from agriculture, tourism and mining. Rural Society, 22(1), pp.2-16. Moorthy, M.K., Voon, O.O., Samsuri, C.A.S.B., Gopalan, M. and Yew, K.T., 2012. Application of information technology in management accounting decision making. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 2(3), p.1. Noble, H. and Smith, J., 2014. Qualitative data analysis: a practical example. Evidence-based nursing, 17(1), pp.2-3. O'Riain, S., Curry, E. and Harth, A., 2012. XBRL and open data for global financial ecosystems: A linked data approach. International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, 13(2), pp.141-162. Pillay, H., 2017. QUT| Staff Profiles| Hitendra Pillay. Ranosz, R., 2017. Analysis of the structure and cost of capital in mining enterprises.Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi,33(1), pp.77-92. Walker, S., 2017. Security Enters a New Realm. Engineering and Mining Journal, 218(3), p.41. Washbourne, M., 2017. Labor pledges to cut red tape. Australia's Paydirt, 1(249), p.9. White, S., 2017. Regulating for local content: Limitations of legal and regulatory instruments in promoting small scale suppliers in extractive industries in developing economies.The Extractive Industries and Society,4(2), pp.260-266 Carvalhal, A., 2012. Do shareholder agreements affect market valuation?: Evidence from Brazilian listed firms.Journal of Corporate Finance,18(4), pp.919-933. Schmitt, A. and Raisch, S., 2013. Corporate turnarounds: The duality of retrenchment and recovery.Journal of Management Studies,50(7), pp.1216-1244.